Fungal infections

Fungal infections, also known as mycoses, can occur in humans, animals, and plants. They are caused by fungi which are living organisms of the kind of yeasts, molds, and mushrooms. Fungal infections can cause discomfort, annoyance, and more serious health problems in some individuals. Fungi penetrate the body through small breaks in the skin or by entering through the lungs when inhaled. An infection can start in small areas, spreading rapidly as the fungus takes hold and begins to reproduce. Common examples of fungal skin infections are athlete’s foot, jock itch, and ringworm. The main types of fungal infections include superficial (eczema), invasive (aspergillosis or histoplasmosis) and systemic (candidiasis). Superficial infections affect the top layer of the skin, hair, and nails, and usually resolve quickly with antifungal medications. Invasive fungal infections can affect the different organs of the body and may cause more serious damage if not detected and treated properly. They may spread quickly and require hospitalization for aggressive, prolonged treatment. Systemic fungal infections are the most serious types of fungal infections but are relatively rare. They usually affect individuals whose immune system is either compromised in some way or those exposed to large amounts of fungi. Symptoms can include fever, rash, and weight loss. The risk factors for fungal infections include a weakened immune system, existing skin diseases, old age, being overweight, poor hygiene, and an unhealthy diet. To reduce the risk of infection, it is important to manage existing medical conditions, keep the skin dry, maintain healthy hygiene practices, wear breathable clothing, and eat a balanced diet. Additionally, proper medication should be taken as prescribed to avoid the spread of fungal infections.