Predictors of functional recovery three months after a stroke: A study of 107 patients with hemiplegia

Introduction : Stroke is a major cause of acquired disability in adults. Predicting the extent of functional recovery is crucial for guiding and planning rehabilitation. This study aims to identify the main factors associated with better functional recovery three months after a stroke.

Methods: This is a prospective observational study involving 107 patients with hemiplegia admitted to the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation following a first stroke. The variables collected included sociodemographic and clinical data (type, side and location of the stroke), as well as functional parameters assessed using the Functional Independence Measure at admission and at three months. Statistical analysis sought to identify independent predictors of functional recovery.

Results: Three months after the stroke, functional recovery was influenced by several factors. Advanced age (>65 years) was associated with poorer motor recovery and increased dependency. Male gender was linked to better recovery of walking ability and greater independence. In contrast, the type and side of the stroke had no significant impact. Cortical lesions were associated with more limited recovery, particularly in walking (p < 0.001). The presence of a shoulder-hand syndrome was a major unfavourable prognostic factor for upper limb recovery (p < 0.001).