Title : The foundation and architecture of Personalized & Precision Medicine (PPM) in clinical neurology: Towards curative and neurodegenerative disease-modifying treatment for multiple sclerosis
Abstract:
A new systems approach to diseased states and wellness result in a new branch in the healthcare services, namely, Personalized and Precision Medicine (PPM). PPM is an emerging approach to healthcare that aims to optimize medical treatment by tailoring it to the specific characteristics of each patient, person-at-risk and/or healthy person. PPM is based on the idea that individuals differ in many aspects, including their genetics, phenotype, lifestyle, and environment, and that these differences can have a significant impact on disease development and response to treatment. Therefore, by taking into account these individual differences, PPM can help to identify the most effective treatment strategies for each patient (canonical treatment) and/or person-at-risk (preventive and prophylactic approaches). Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are promisingly suited models for PPM because of the rapidly expanding genetic knowledge base, phenotypic classification, the development of biomarkers and the potential modifying treatments. And the considerations make it clear that PPM could transform clinical care in the field of NDDs, and could lead to a new treatment framework for NDDs diseases. The potential benefits of PPM in the area of NDDs are significant. By identifying biomarkers and disease subtypes, PPM can help to diagnose the disease earlier and more accurately, as well as predict disease course and response to treatment. Furthermore, by developing targeted therapies, PPM can improve treatment efficacy and reduce the risk of adverse effects.
Precision diagnostics is a critical component of PPM in NDDs and is essential for the successful implementation of PPM in the field of NDDs. The identification of accurate and re-liable biomarkers and imaging techniques can help to diagnose the disease earlier and more accurately, predict disease course and response to treatment, and monitor disease progression. Targeted therapies represent a promising approach to the management of NDDs. The development of the therapies is guided by the identification of specific biomarkers and disease subtypes, and the use of targeted therapies can improve treatment efficacy and reduce the risk of adverse effects. The implementation of PPM in the field of NDDs also requires addressing several challenges, including the standardization of diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines, the development of affordable and accessible technologies and therapies, and the ethical and legal considerations of personalized treatment. PPM represents a promising approach to the management of NDDs, with the potential to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment outcomes. Together, these data-driven insights enable the design of more precise therapeutic interventions in targeted patient populations. And future directions of PPM in the field of NDDs should aim to address these challenges and improve the integration of precision medicine in clinical neurology-related practice.
PPM-guided neurology stands at the threshold of a revolutionary transformation with the advent of PPM. And OMICS-driven and IT-supported potential to advance personalized precision neurology (PPN) hinges on resolving core challenges across four pillars-models, data, feasibility/equity, and regulation/innovation-through concerted pursuit of targeted recommendations. The intricate tapestry of NDDs, long characterized by heterogeneity and complexi-ty, is now being unraveled at the molecular level. By delving into the genetic underpinnings of neurological conditions, we uncover the potential for tailored interventions that promise not only to improve treatment outcomes but also to reshape our understanding of NDDs. And a journey from genomics and related OMICS-driven technologies to personalized therapies is not only transforming clinical neurology-related practice but also offering hope to individuals and families affected by NDDs. And PPM in neurology holds the promise of advancing our understanding of NDDs and transforming healthcare by tailoring interventions to the unique needs of each patient and even pre-illness person-at-risk.
