Title : Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi Leaf Lectin (SteLL) modulates subacute depressive and anxious behaviors in stress-exposed mice
Abstract:
Anxiety and depression are major causes of disability worldwide, often worsened by chronic stress. Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (SteLL) has been traditionally used for various medicinal purposes, including treating depression with bark-and-leaf tea or leaf decoction. Previous studies suggest that SteLL leaf lectin can alleviate anxiety and depression symptoms in mice. Aim: To evaluate SteLL’s potential in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms in a chronic stress model. Methods: Mice underwent four weeks of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS), followed by 21-day treatment with SteLL (2 or 4 mg/kg, i.p.) or fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, i.p., as a positive control). Behavioral tests assessed anxiety and depression-like behavior. Additionally, serum corticosterone, inflammatory markers (cytokines), oxidative stress indicators, and brain monoamine levels were analyzed. Results: SteLL significantly reduced stress-induced anxiety and depression in behavioral tests. It increased brain levels of serotonin and noradrenaline, reduced oxidative stress, and enhanced antioxidant defenses. SteLL also raised anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 while lowering pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, it did not reduce serum corticosterone levels. Conclusion: SteLL effectively ameliorates anxiety and depression symptoms in stress-exposed mice, likely by modulating monoamine levels, oxidative stress, and inflammation. These findings support its potential as a natural therapeutic candidate for mood disorders, though further studies are needed to elucidate its mechanisms and clinical applicability.
