Antibody-Ppoteases as the upgraded translational tools of the next-step generation in personalized and precision practice to monitor multiple sclerosis at clinical and subclinical Stages

Title : Antibody-Ppoteases as the upgraded translational tools of the next-step generation in personalized and precision practice to monitor multiple sclerosis at clinical and subclinical Stages

Abstract:

Among the best-validated predictive biomarkers are autoimmunity-related ones to predict and prognosticate risks of the chronification, complications and thus disabling. The latter is so much valuable and important since chronic autoimmune inflammation course is structured to consist from different stag-es including subclinical and clinical ones
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is just one of the chronic tissue-specific autoimmune diseases resulting in a de-struction of myelin by different tools, including autoAbs of very broad specificity. Along with canonical Abs, some of the families proven to occur are Abs possessing with catalytic activity (abzymes), and thus to belong to Abs with functionality!
Abs against myelin basic protein/MBP endowing with proteolytic activity (Ab-proteases with functionality) are of great value to monitor demyelination in MS patients. Anti-MBP autoAbs from MS patients exhibited specific proteolytic cleavage of MBP which, in turn, markedly differed between: (i) MS patients and healthy controls; (ii) different clinical MS courses; (iii) EDSS scales of demyelination to correlate with the disability of MS patients to predict the transformation prior to changes of the clinical course.
Ab-mediated proteolysis of MBP was shown to be sequence-specific whilst demonstrating five sites of preferential proteolysis to be located within the immunodominant regions of MBP and to fall inside into 5 sequences fixed. Some of the latter (with the highest encephalitogenic properties) were proved to be at-tacked by the MBP-targeted Ab-proteases in MS patients with the most severe (progradient) clinical courses. The other ones whilst being less immunogenic, were shown to be attacked by Ab-proteases in MS patients with moderate (remission-type) courses.

The activity of Ab-proteases was first registered at the subclinical stages 1-2 years prior to the clinical ill-ness. About 24% of the direct MS-related relatives were seropositive for low-active Ab-proteases from which 22% of the seropositive relatives established were being monitored for 2 years whilst demonstrating a stable growth of the Ab-associated proteolytic activity. Moreover, some of the low-active Ab-proteases in persons at MS-related risks (at subclinical stages of MS), and primary clinical and MRT manifestations observed were coincided with the activity to have its mid-level reached. Registration in the evolution of highly immunogenic Ab-proteases would illustrate either risks of transformation of subclinical stages into clinical ones, or risks of exacerbations to develop. And the “escalation” illustrating re-orientation of the sequence specificity to focus on the more important targeted sites for proteolysis might be an early prog-nostic and/or predictive sign to monitor demyelination progressing and thus the clinical illness to come. The activity of Ab-proteases in combination with the sequence-specificity would confirm a high subclinical and predictive (translational) value of the tools as applicable for personalized monitoring protocols.

Sequence-specific Ab-proteases have proved to be greatly informative and thus valuable biomarkers to monitor MS at both subclinical and clinical stages! And the translational potential of this knowledge is in the rational design of new diagnostic tools and new therapeutics based on principles of artificial biocata-lysts and Biodesign.
Ab-proteases can be programmed and re-programmed to suit the needs of the body metabolism or could be designed for the development of principally new catalysts with no natural counterparts. Therefore, the proposed predictive value of MBP-targeted Ab-proteases for the development of MS is challenged! So, fur-ther studies on Ab-mediated MBP degradation and other targeted Ab-mediated proteolysis may provide biomarkers of newer generations and thus a supplementary tool for assessing the disease pro-gression and predicting disability of the patients and persons-at-risks.

Biography:

Sergey Suchkov graduated from Astrakhan State Medical University and awarded with MD, then in 1985 maintained his PhD at the I.M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy and in 2001, maintained his Doctorship Degree at the Nat Inst of Immunology, Russia. From 1987 through 1989, he was a senior Researcher, Koltzov Inst of Developmental Biology. From 1989 through 1995, he was a Head of the Lab of Clinical Immunology, Helmholtz Eye Research Institute in Moscow. From 1995 through 2004, a Chair of the Dept for Clinical Immunology, Moscow Clinical Research Institute (MONIKI. Dr Suchkov has been trained at: NIH; Wills Eye Hospital, PA, USA; Univ of Florida in Gainesville; UCSF, S-F, CA, USA; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. He was an Exe Secretary-in-Chief of the Editorial Board, Biomedical Science, an international journal published jointly by the USSR Academy of Sciences and the Royal Society of Chemistry, UK. At present, Dr Sergey Suchkov is a Chair, Dept for Personalized Medicine, Precision Nutriciology and Biodesign of the Institute for Global Health and Biotech of MGUPP, and Professor of the Dept for Clinical Allergology & Immunology of A.I. Evdokimov MGMSU, Russia. He is a member of the: New York Academy of Sciences, USA; American Chemical Society (ACS), USA; American Heart Association (AHA), USA; EPMA (European Association for Predictive, Preventive and Personalized Medicine), Brussels, EU; ARVO (American Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology); ISER (International Society for Eye Research); PMC (Personalized Medicine Coalition), Washington, USA.