Title : Personalized and Precision Medicine (PPM) as a unique healthcare model to be set up to secure the human healthcare, wellness and biosafety through the view of public health
Abstract:
A new systems approach to diseased states and wellness result in a new branch in the healthcare services, namely, personalized and precision medicine (PPM). To achieve the implementation of PPM concept, it is necessary to create a fundamentally new strategy based upon the recognition of biomarkers of hidden abnormalities long before the disease clinically manifests itself. NIH (Bethesda, USA) has included PPM into a List of the Five Greatest Priorities of Development of Medicine and Healthcare Services in XXI Century. Each decision-maker values the impact of their decision to use PPM on their own budget and well-being, which may not necessarily be optimal for society as a whole. To really understand PPM we would have to understand the various fields of translational applications that provide the tools to exploit and practice PPM, and genomics- and phenomics-related tools, in particular! Improved patient (or persons-at-risk) outcomes with the application of the biomarker tests must consider not only increased survival or quality of life, but also improved clinical decision support (CDS) & making leading to the avoidance of unnecessary therapy or toxicity captured within the rapid learning system. So, bioinformatics, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) and biostatistics will be crucial in translating those Big Data into useful applications, leading to improved diagnosis, prediction, prognostication and treatment. It would be extremely useful to integrate data harvesting from different databanks for applications such as prediction and personalization of further treatment to thus provide more tailored measures for the patients resulting in improved patient outcomes, reduced adverse events, and more cost effective use of the latest health care resources including diagnostic, prognostic, preventive and therapeutic (targeted) etc. Personalized aims and objectives exist at every stage of disease initiation and progression to develop a Personalized Health Plan (PHP) addressing lifestyle, risk modification and disease management, and later, Personalized Health Management & Wellness Program (PHMaWP). And a lack of medical guidelines has been identified by responders as the predominant barrier for adoption, indicating a need for the development of best practices and guidelines to support the implementation of PPM! Putting PPM-tools in a public health perspective requires an apprehension of the current and future public health challenges. The principles of PPM and efforts to approaching the right health issues in a timely manner can be applied to population health. Doing so will, however, require a careful view and concerted effort to maintain the needs of population health at the forefront of all PPM discussions and investments. In reality, a new buzzword has crept into the health sciences lexicon: PPM-based public health. The initial drive toward PPM-based public health is occurring, but much more work lies ahead to develop a robust evidentiary foundation for use. PPM and PPM-based Public Health calls for a transdisciplinary approach to support safe and effective deployment of the new enabling diagnostic and therapeutic technologies stressing: not to treat but to get cured!!! Meanwhile, neurological (neurodegenerative, in particular) diseases are promisingly suited models for PPM and PPM-related translational applications because of the rapidly expanding genetic knowledge base, phenotypic classification, the development of neuro-biomarkers and the potential modifying treatments. Moreover, neurodegenerative diseases have high degrees of genetic and pathophysiological heterogeneity, irrespective of clinical manifestations. Advances in disease modeling and methodological design have paved the way for the development of PPM-related Neurology, an established concept in clinical neurology with growing attention from other medical specialties. We propose a PPM architecture for CNS diseases built on four converging pillars: multimodal biomarkers, systems biology & integrative medicine, IT health technologies, and Big Data science. One of the main challenges for healthcare systems is the increasing prevalence of neurodegenerative pathologies together with the rapidly aging populations. In this sense, mMultiple Sclerosis (MS) being a chronic, autoimmune, demyelinating disease of CNS, would strongly require PPM, which involves the use of advanced OMICS-technologies, IT-portfolio, and imaging to identify specific biomarkers and disease subtypes, being a promising approach to the management of MS. PPM in MS includes the development of targeted therapies that aim to modulate specific immune pathways involved in MS pathogenesis and to develop targeted therapies to be used to get MS cured! Overall, PPM represents a promising approach to the management of MS and related neurodegenerative disorders, with the potential to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment outcomes. By understanding the unique characteristics of a patient's neurological condition, such as genetic predispositions, biomarkers, and disease mechanisms, PPM aims to optimize treatment outcomes and improve patient care. Healthcare providers can develop more accurate diagnoses, design personalized treatment plans, minimize adverse effects, and potentially enhance the overall quality of life for individuals with neurological disorders by considering personalized factors. Overall, PPM in neurology holds the promise of advancing our understanding of neurological diseases and transforming healthcare by tailoring interventions to the unique needs of each patient, whilst constructing schemes of molecular profiling, upgraded clinical evaluation, protocols of personalized diagnosis and targeted treatment as well as monitoring and adjustment. In the advanced era of Biodesign-inspired biotechnology and knowledge, the most difficult and unrecognizable diseases can now be cured, stopped, and reversed with the help of PPM-related advanced technology. And thus the latter would need for novel training since the society is in bad need of large-scale dissemination of novel systemic thinking and minding. And upon construction of the new educational platforms in the rational proportions, there would be not a primitive physician created but a medical artist to be able to enrich flow-through medical standards with creative elements to gift for a patient a genuine hope to survive but, in turn, for a person-at-risk – a trust for being no diseased. This is the reason for developing global scientific, clinical, social, and educational projects in the area of PPM to elicit the content of the new branch.
Audience Take Away Notes:
- In Biodesign-inspired Biotech-driven Biotechnology and Bioindustry?
- To implement the technologies into the clinical practice and bioindustry
- To prepare a course of lectures on Biodesign-inspired immunobiotechnology
- To make a cooperative bridge with Biopharma and Biotech through Biodesigners
- Setting up STARTUPS of the next step generation
